It contains commercial-scale scandium (Sc2O3 – 211–521 g/t) and promising secondary rare-earth metals concentrations (their oxide content is 245–608 g/t, in which the yttrium group ...

This study focused on separation and recovery of scandium from chloride solution using the new synthesized ion exchange resin. The resin containing glycol amic acid groups shows the possibility to recover scandium from chloride aqueous solutions. At pH 1, the adsorption selectivity of scandium can be obtained among the others metals.

Scandium, atomic number 21. It is the first of the transition metals, and its discovery is entwined with that of vertical neighbours yttrium and lanthanum. The Swedish island of Resarö, near Stockholm, became a hotbed of elemental discovery in the late eighteenth, and early nineteenth, centuries.

A process for extracting scandium from titanium ore includes the steps of: feeding the titanium ore to a fluidized bed chlorinator at about 1000° C. to produce a vaporous (generally titanium and possible iron chlorides) phase and a scandium-containing residue; and recovering the scandium from the residue. In one practice, the scandium is recovered by leaching the residue with aqueous acid (e ...

REEs include the 15 lanthanide series elements from atomic numbers 57 to 71, representing lanthanum through lutetium; yttrium (atomic number 39) and scandium (atomic number 21) are also often included due to chemical similarities. ... Figure 3 illustrates the relative potential economic value of REE recovery from several types of wastewater ...

Test work has now moved into the scandium recovery-optimization phase, with sequential purification for the removal of iron and aluminium followed by precipitation of scandium as a phosphate product. Although 56% (fifty six percent) of scandium was recovered to a phosphate precipitate at the first attempt, test work to improve recovery and ...

Production of Emerging Radionuclides towards Theranostic Applications: Copper-61, Scandium-43 and -44, and Yttrium-86; ... It lists different purification techniques including recovery of the starting material where necessary, and details quality control approaches for the different options.The overall aim is to enable readers involved in ...

Request PDF | Separation and Recovery of Scandium and Yttrium from Aqueous Chloride Media by Integrated Ion Exchange Method | Separation of scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y) using solvent-impregnated ...

Light REs + Y This deposit does not have any recoverable heavy Lanthanides or Scandium, but the ore-body is low in Thorium. Yttrium recovery is limited by it's natural distribution within the ore-body La =49.6 Ce =33.8 Nd=11.2 Pr=4.1 Sm=0.9 Gd=0.1 Eu=0.2 Y=0.1 Rare Earth Distribution La Ce Nd Pr Sm Gd Eu Y Nd Y

@article{osti_5637388, title = {Recovery of scandium, yttrium and lanthanides from zircon sand}, author = {Feuling, R J}, abstractNote = {This patent describes a process for extracting scandium from ore comprising zirconium silicate. It comprises feeding scandium-containing zircon ore to a fluidized bed chlorinator at 800{degrees} C-1250{degrees} C to produce a vaporous phase, the vaporous ...

Recovery of scandium from sulfuric acid solution with a macro porous TRPO/SiO 2-P adsorbent [J] Hydrometallurgy, 181 (2018), pp ... Google Scholar. 13. J B HISKEY, R G COPP. Recovery of yttrium and neodymium from copper pregnant leach solutions by solvent extraction [J] Hydrometallurgy, 177 (2018), pp. 21-26. Article. Download PDF View Record ...

Feuling, R. J. Recovery of scandium, yttrium and lanthanides from titanium ore. (1991). Haslam, M. In Proceeding of ALTA 1999 Nickel/Cobalt Pressure Leaching & Hydrometallurgy Forum. (ALTA ...

The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Scandium minerals with high scandium content, such as thortveitite and lolbeckite, are mainly dispersed in the thortveitite-rich pegmatites in Madagascar and Norway (Hedrick, 2010a).One of ores in Norway is a double silicate of scandium and yttrium with the formula of 2SiO 2 Y 2 O 3 Sc 2 O 3 (Baptiste, 1959).Another ore in Madagascar appears to be a complex silicate of scandium, zirconium and ...

Karavaiko et al. 32 studied the selectivity recovery scandium and yttrium ions from the acid solution by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus terreus via biosorption.

A deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of isostearic acid and TOPO was newly found out and investigated for selective recovery of scandium. The four elements used in this study are scandium, iron, yttrium, and aluminum. It was difficult to separate the four elements owing to the overlap of extraction behavior when isostearic acid or TOPO alone in toluene was used, respectively. However ...

In this paper, the scandium recovery from an Australian red mud with selective acid leaching, solvent extraction and precipitation has been reported and a conceptual process flowsheet for scandium recovery from red mud has been proposed. ... Direct determination of lanthanides, yttrium and scandium in bauxites and red mud from alumina ...

Scandium is a chemical element with the symbol Sc and atomic number 21. It is a silvery-white metallic d-block element. Historically, it has been classified as a rare-earth element, together with yttrium and the lanthanides. It was discovered in 1879 by spectral analysis of the minerals euxenite and gadolinite from Scandinavia.

With growing demand for renewable and clean energy technologies, the need in rare earth metals is increasing. Scandium, which is often considered a rare earth element (REE), is a critical metal mainly used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and high strength aluminum alloys used in aerospace and 3D printing applications. Furthermore, scandium supply is limited due to its scarcity and the high ...

Earlier scandium extraction test work aimed at the recovery of scandium from Hat deposit flotation tailings demonstrated that it was possible to extract 90% of scandium to solution by employing a ...

As a result, the extraction of scandium from other resources, such as secondary resources in Europe, is a significant cause of concern. Among the most crucial scandium recovery challenges, the ...

@article{osti_4061656, title = {THE RADIOCHEMISTRY OF THE RARE EARTHS, SCANDIUM, YTTRIUM, AND ACTINIUM}, author = {Stevenson, P. C. and ... the methods of recovery from ores, separation and purification techniques, and procedures for reduction to metal. The physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the elements and their important ...

The rare earths are a relatively abundant group of 17 elements composed of scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides. The elements range in crustal abundance from cerium, the 25th most abundant element of the 78 common elements in the Earth's crust at 60 parts per million, to thulium and lutetium, the least abundant rare-earth elements at about 0. ...

With growing demand for renewable and clean energy technologies, the need in rare earth metals is increasing. Scandium, which is often considered a rare earth element (REE), is a critical metal mainly used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and high strength aluminum alloys used in aerospace and 3D printing applications. Furthermore, scandium supply is limited due to its scarcity and the high ...

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of scandium and yttrium, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Scandium vs Yttrium. Compare scandium with another element. Compare yttrium with another element.

Red mud is a slimy caustic residue generated from alumina production. Taking into account the relatively considerable content and availability of scandium, red mud can be viewed as an important and promising scandium resource rather than a solid waste. This paper is primarily to review the investigations of scandium recovery from red mud based on the most widely used hydrometallurgical ...

Previously, scandium was produced domestically primarily from the scandium-yttrium silicate mineral thortveitite and from byproduct leach solutions from uranium operations. Limited capacity to produce ingot ... scandium recovery as a byproduct of uranium production continued, and production capacity included scandium oxide (570 kilograms per ...

The separation of yttrium has not been performed since the focus of the present study falls on opportunities in solvometallurgy for scandium recovery. However, it has been shown by the previous studies that yttrium can be well separated by gradient elution of the SILP with phosphoric acid.

Scandium is an important material for the national defense industry 1 and is widely used in the aerospace, laser, and nuclear energy sectors.2,3, – 4 Considered an important material for high technology and strategic resources,5,6 scandium usually exists in minerals such as titano-magnetite, bauxite, and apatite.7,8, – 9 Due to the highly dispersed distribution and scarcity of independent ...

Recovery of scandium from its ores. Scandium minerals with high scandium content, such as thortveitite and lolbeckite, are mainly dispersed in the thortveitite-rich pegmatites in Madagascar and Norway (Hedrick, 2010a). One of ores in Norway is a double silicate of scandium and yttrium with the formula of 2SiO 2 Y 2 O 3 Sc 2 O 3 (Baptiste, 1959 ...